amakuru

Kuri banyiri amazu bashaka kugabanya fagitire y'amashanyarazi, gushiraho imirasire y'izuba ni amahitamo meza, kandi mugihe cyiza, igihe cyo kwishyura gishobora kuba imyaka mike. Ariko, kubera kubura umwanya, abakodesha hamwe naba nyiri amazu ntibashobora gukoresha uburyo busanzwe bwo gutanga amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, cyane cyane abakodesha bagomba no kuvugana na nyirinzu. Muri ibi bihe, byoroshye kandi byoroshye-gushiraho miniature izuba rishobora kuba amahitamo meza.
Imirasire y'izuba hejuru yinzu irashobora kugabanya cyane amashanyarazi, kandi urashobora kongeramo izuba kugirango ubike ingufu zizuba kugirango ukoreshe nijoro. Nyamara, kubera ko sisitemu nyinshi zahujwe na gride yaho, ugomba kuba wujuje ibyangombwa byinshi bya tekiniki kandi ukabona uruhushya rwo gushyira ingufu zizuba kumitungo yawe. Iyo ushyizeho imirasire y'izuba munzu ufite, ishoramari ryambere nimpapuro ntabwo ari ikibazo, ariko bigabanya ibintu kubakodesha.
Niba udafite inzu cyangwa inzu, ntushobora kugira ubushake bwo gushora imari mugutezimbere umutungo wabandi. Nubwo nyir'inzu akwemerera gushiraho imirasire y'izuba, ariko niba uteganya gukodesha igihe kirekire kuruta igihe cyo gushora ingufu z'izuba, noneho iki cyemezo kirumvikana mubukungu. Wongeyeho, nyamuneka suzuma ibintu bikurikira:
Ubwoko bwinshi bwimirasire yizuba irashobora gushyirwaho nta bisabwa bigoye kandi byemerera inzira zihoraho. Sisitemu ni amahitamo meza kubakodesha, kuko kubajyana mubindi bintu byoroshye nko kwimura TV.
Hatitawe ku bunini, imirasire y'izuba ifite inyungu rusange: zitanga amashanyarazi aturuka ku zuba, bikagabanya fagitire y'amashanyarazi ya buri kwezi ugomba kwishyura muri sosiyete ikora ibikorwa. Imirasire y'izuba irashobora kandi kugabanya urugo rwawe ibidukikije, cyane cyane iyo utuye ahantu amashanyarazi menshi ava mumashanyarazi.
Nubwo sisitemu ntoya yizuba idashobora kubahiriza ubwo burenganzira, ifite ibyiza ugereranije na sisitemu yo hejuru. Kurugero, biroroshye gushiraho, nta ruhushya rusabwa, kandi kubungabunga byose biroroshye. Igiciro cyizuba rito nacyo kiri hasi kandi biroroshye kwimuka.
Amafaranga y'amashanyarazi yazigamwe na sisitemu y'izuba hejuru cyane, ariko ni ukubera ko ari manini cyane. Ba nyiri amazu benshi bakoresha sisitemu yifoto yizuba ifite ubushobozi bungana cyangwa burenga 6 kWt (6,000 W), mugihe micro-sisitemu itanga gusa 100 W. Nkuko ushobora kubyitega, ibiciro bijyanye nizuba riratandukanye cyane: igiciro cyo kwishyiriraho imirasire y'izuba 6 kW hafi US $ 18,000 (usibye kubitera inkunga), mugihe ikiguzi cya mikoro 100 W gishobora kuba munsi ya 300 US $. Ariko, muribi bihe byombi, buri dorari ryashowe rishobora gusubizwa inshuro nyinshi.
Gucomeka mumirasire y'izuba ikora neza neza nka sisitemu yo hejuru ya fotokoltaque-ihuza imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi murugo rwawe kandi igahuzwa na voltage hamwe numurongo wumuriro wawe w'amashanyarazi-ariko kurwego ruto. Gucomeka muri mini sisitemu mubisanzwe bitanga amashanyarazi ahagije kugirango akoreshe ibikoresho byinshi bya elegitoronike na lampo ya LED, ariko ntabwo ari ibikoresho bifite ingufu nyinshi nka konderasi hamwe nimashini imesa.
Mugihe uhisemo niba amashanyarazi acomeka mumashanyarazi akwiranye nubukode bwawe, ugomba gusuzuma ingingo zikurikira:
Imirasire y'izuba hamwe na sisitemu y'izuba bitandukanijwe rwose na gride, bigatuma bahitamo gukundwa mubice bya kure cyangwa icyaro badafite amashanyarazi. Muri ubu bwoko bwa sisitemu, imirasire y'izuba imwe cyangwa nyinshi zikoreshwa mugutwara bateri cyangwa amashanyarazi akomoka kumirasire y'izuba hamwe na socket ya USB hamwe na socket ya power kubikoresho bito. Sisitemu ya off-grid nayo ni amahitamo meza kubakodesha kuko arigenga rwose kandi ntaho ahuriye na gride rusange.
Imirasire y'izuba irashobora kwamamara mu nkambi, ariko abayikodesha barashobora no kuyikoresha kugirango bakoreshe ibikoresho bito. Izi ni zimwe mu mirasire y'izuba ntoya, kandi ubushobozi bwayo ni watts nkeya. Intego yabo nyamukuru nukwishyuza terefone zigendanwa, tableti nibindi bikoresho bya micro USB, ibyinshi muri byo byubatswe mumatara ya LED.
DIY imirasire y'izuba nayo ni amahitamo. Urashobora kugura imirasire y'izuba ihuza, inverter, bateri hamwe nubushakashatsi bwumuriro wizuba kumurongo, hanyuma ukubaka sisitemu yihariye ukurikije ibyo ukeneye. Nyamuneka, nyamuneka uzirikane ko ugomba kuba ufite byibura ubumenyi bwibanze bwamashanyarazi kugirango ushireho neza kandi ushireho izuba ryakozwe murugo.
Imirasire y'izuba yihariye nayo ni amahitamo meza kubakodesha. Urashobora kubona ibikoresho byinshi byubatswe mumirasire y'izuba idashingiye kumashanyarazi kugirango ikore. Kurugero, urashobora gushiraho amatara yo hanze akoreshwa nizuba murugo rwawe cyangwa muri balkoni yawe, cyangwa ugakoresha ibyuma bifata ibyuma bikonjesha cyangwa abafana kugirango utange umwuka mwinshi mugihe gishyushye cyumunsi.
Imirasire y'izuba ifite inyungu nimbibi nkibikoresho byose. Ntabwo zihenze kuruta sisitemu yo hejuru kandi byoroshye gushiraho no kwimuka. Wibuke ko badashobora gukoresha ibikoresho binini, bivuze ko babika bike cyane kuri fagitire y'amashanyarazi.